Robotics is a separate unit of artificial intelligence that helps in the study of creating intelligent robots and machines. Robotics combines engineering with electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, and computer science, as it consists of mechanical structures and electrical components and is programmed in programming languages. Although both robotics and artificial intelligence have different purposes and uses, most people consider robotics a subset of artificial intelligence (AI). Robotic machines are very similar to humans, and with the help of AI, they can also work like humans.
In the early days, the use of robots was very limited, but now, combined with artificial intelligence, they have become smarter and more efficient. AI has played an important role in the industrial sector by replacing humans in terms of productivity and quality. In this article, “Robots and Artificial Intelligence,” we will discuss about Robots and Artificial Intelligence, their various applications, advantages, differences, etc. Let’s start with the definitions of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots.
What is artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence is defined as a field of computer science and engineering that deals with creating intelligent machines that behave like humans. Artificial intelligence helps to enable machines to perceive, understand, perform tasks, and learn activities similar to humans. There are four main types of artificial intelligence: reactive machines, limited memory, theory of mind, and self-awareness.
What is a robot?
Robots are human-like machines that can perform tasks out-of-the-box or automatically reproduce certain human movements based on commands given using programming. Examples: Pharmaceutical dispensing robots, automotive industrial robots, order-taking robots, industrial floor scrubbers, Sage Automation gantry robots, etc.
Components of Robot
Several components construct a robot; these components are as follows:
Actuator: An actuator is a device that is responsible for moving and controlling a system or machine. Physical motion is achieved by converting energy such as electricity, hydraulic pressure, and wind. Actuators can generate linear as well as rotary motion.
Power supply: an electrical device that provides power to an electrical load. The main function of a power supply is to convert electric current into a load.
Electric Motor: These are devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and are essential for the rotary motion of machines.
Pneumatic Air Muscle: An air muscle is a soft pneumatic device that is ideal for robotics. It works by deflating and expanding with pressurized air that fills the air bladder. When air is added, it can shrink by up to 40%.
Muscle wire: made of a nickel-titanium alloy called Nitinol, it has a very thin shape. It can also expand and contract when given a certain amount of heat and current. Additionally, martensite can be shaped and bent into various shapes. When current is passed through it, it can shrink up to 5%.
Piezoelectric Motor and Ultrasonic Motor: Piezoelectric motors, or piezoelectric motors, are electrical devices that receive an electrical signal and apply a directional force on opposite ceramic plates. Help the robot move in the desired direction. This electric motor is ideal for industrial robots.
Sensors: Provide the ability to see, hear, touch, and move like humans. A sensor is a device or machine that helps detect events or changes in the environment and sends data to your computer’s processor. These devices are usually equipped with other electronic components. Like human organs, electrical sensors also play an important role in artificial intelligence and robotics. AI algorithms sense the environment, control robots, and provide real-time information to computer processors.
Applications of Robotics
Robotics has many different application areas. Some important application areas of robotics are:
Robotics in the Defense Sector: The defense sector is undoubtedly one of the major sectors of any country. Countries want to strengthen their defense systems. Robots will help you get closer to inaccessible and dangerous areas during the war. DRDO has developed a robot named Daksh to safely destroy life-threatening objects. These help ensure the safety of soldiers and are deployed by the military in combat scenarios. Apart from combat support, robots are also deployed in anti-submarine operations, fire support, combat damage control, attack missions, and machine laying.
Robotics in the medical field: Robots are useful in various medical fields like laparoscopy, neurosurgery, orthopedics, sterilization rooms, drug delivery, and various other medical fields as well.
Robotics in Industrial Sectors: Robots are used in various industrial manufacturing operations like cutting, welding, assembly, disassembly, PCB picking and placing, packaging and labeling, palletizing, product inspection and testing, color coating, drilling, polishing, etc. In the industry. Material handling.
Additionally, robotic technology increases productivity and profitability and reduces human effort, thereby reducing physical stress and injuries. Industrial robots have important benefits, such as:
- Accuracy
- Flexibility
- Reduce labor costs
- Low-noise operation
- Less production loss
- Increase in productivity.
Robotics in Entertainment: Over the past decade, the use of robots in entertainment has been steadily increasing. Robots are used in entertainment fields such as movies, anime, games, and manga. Robots are very useful when repetitive tasks are required. A robot with a camera will help you shoot as many movie scenes as you want without getting tired or frustrated. The giant Disney has released hundreds of robots for the film industry.
Robotics in the mining industry: Robotics can be very useful in a variety of mining applications, such as robotic snoozing, digging, and pulling; robotic mapping and surveying; and robotic excavation and explosives handling. Mining robots can move freely in flooded corridors, use cameras, etc. A sensor that detects valuable minerals. Additionally, robots can also be useful in excavation operations, detecting gases and other substances, and protecting humans from harm and injury. Robotic rock climbers are used for space exploration, and underwater drones are used for ocean exploration.
AI technology used in Robotics
Computer Vision
Robots can also see, which is made possible by a popular artificial intelligence technique called computer vision. Computer vision plays a vital role in every industry, including health, entertainment, medical, military, and mining.
Computer vision is an important field of artificial intelligence that helps in extracting meaningful information from images, videos, and visual inputs and taking action accordingly.
Natural Language Processing
You can use NLP (natural language processing) to give voice commands to an AI robot. It creates a powerful interaction between humans and robots. NLP is a specific branch of artificial intelligence that enables communication between humans and robots. NLP technology allows robots to understand and reproduce human language. Some robots are equipped with NLP, so they cannot distinguish between humans and robots.
Similarly, in the medical field, robots using natural language processing can help doctors view death details and automatically fill EHRs. In addition to recognizing human language, it can also learn common usage, such as pronunciation and guessing how humans speak.
Edge Computing
Robotic edge computing is defined as a service provider for robot integration, testing, design, and simulation. Edge computing in robotics provides better data management, lower connectivity costs, better security practices, and more reliable and seamless connectivity.
Complex Event Process
Complex Event Processing (CEP) is a concept that helps you understand the real-time processing of multiple events. Events are described as state changes, and one or more events are combined to define a composite event. Complex event processing is the most widely used term in various industries, such as health care, finance, security, and marketing. It is mainly used in the areas of credit card fraud detection and stock marketing.
For example, car airbag deployment is a complex phenomenon based on real-time data from multiple sensors. This idea is used in robotics, such as in event handling in autonomous robot programming.
Transfer Learning and AI
It is a technique that is used to solve a problem by taking advantage of another problem that has already been solved. Transfer learning techniques allow knowledge gained from solving one problem to be applied to solving related problems. This can be understood through examples like the model used to identify circular shapes, which can also be used to identify square shapes.
Transfer learning reuses pre-trained models for a given problem and trains only the last layer of the model, making it relatively quick and cheap. In robotics, transfer learning can be used to train one machine with the help of other machines.
Reinforcement Learning
Reinforcement learning is a feedback-based learning method in machine learning that allows an AI agent to learn and explore its environment, perform tasks, and learn automatically from the experience and feedback of each action. It also has the ability to autonomously learn optimal behavior through hit-and-trail actions when interacting with the environment. It is mainly used to develop a series of decisions and achieve goals in uncertain and potentially complex environments. In robotics, robots explore their environment and learn about it through attacks and trials. For each action, he gets a reward (positive or negative). Reinforcement learning provides robotics with a framework for designing and simulating advanced, difficult-to-engineer behaviors.
Affective computing
Affective computing is a research field concerned with the development of systems that can identify, interpret, process, and simulate human emotions. Affective computing aims to give robots emotional intelligence, giving them human-like abilities to perceive, interpret, and express emotions.
What are Artificially Intelligent Robots?
Artificial intelligence robots combine AI and robotics. AI robots are controlled by AI programs and use various AI technologies such as machine learning, computer vision, and RL learning. Typically, most robots are not AI robots, and these robots are programmed to perform a series of repetitive tasks. You don’t need AI to work. However, the functionality of these robots is limited.
AI algorithms are needed to enable robots to perform more complex tasks.
Warehouse robots can use path-finding algorithms to navigate the warehouse. When drones are about to run out of battery, they can use autonomous navigation to return home. Self-driving cars can use a combination of AI algorithms to detect and avoid potential hazards on the road. These are all examples of artificially intelligent robots.
What are the advantages of integrating artificial intelligence into robotics?
The main benefit of artificially intelligent robots is social care. They can use social skills and advanced processors like chatbots to guide people coming for help, especially the elderly.
Robotics can also help the agriculture industry by developing AI-based robots. These robots reduce the workload of farmers.
In the military industry, military bots can replace infantry to save lives and perform espionage through audio and visual detectors.
Robotics are used in volcanoes, deep seas, extremely cold places, and even in space, where humans cannot survive normally.
Robotics is also used in the medical and healthcare industries, as it can also perform complex surgeries in which the risk of human error is high, but it requires pre-programmed instructions and additional intelligence. Robotics integrated with AI can significantly reduce casualties.
Differences in Robot System and AI Programs
Here is the difference between artificial intelligence and robots:
| AI Programs | Robots |
| Usually, we use them to operate them in computer-simulated worlds. | Generally, we use robots to operate in the real physical world. |
| Generally, input is given in the form of symbols and rules. | Inputs are given in the form of the analogue signal or in the form of the speech waveform. |
| To operate this, we need general-purpose or special-purpose computers. | Also, to operate this, special hardware with sensors and effectors is needed. |
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