The main mission of HSFC is to lead ISRO’s Gaganyaan program through a collaborative effort and align all activities being undertaken by other ISRO centres, Indian Research Institutes, Indian academia, and industry to achieve the mission. As a leading center for human spaceflight activities, HSFC provides high credibility in carrying out research and development activities in emerging technology areas such as life support systems, human factors engineering, biospace flight, crew training, human evaluation and certification, and complying with human safety. Standard. These areas will constitute a critical component for future continued human spaceflight operations, including rendezvous and docking, space station construction, and interplanetary co-manned missions to the Moon, Mars, and near-Earth asteroids.
Gaganyaan
The Gaganyaan project is envisioned to demonstrate human spaceflight capabilities by launching a three-person crew into a 400 km orbit for a three-day mission, landing in Indian marine waters, and returning safely to Earth.
The project will be achieved through optimal strategies that will take into account domestic expertise, the experience of Indian industry, the intellectual capacity of Indian academic and research institutions, and cutting-edge technology available to international institutions. The mission essential conditions of Gaganyaan include a human-rated launch vehicle to safely carry the crew to space, life support systems to provide an Earth-like environment for the space crew, emergency evacuation preparedness of the crew, and training. This involved the development of a number of important technologies, including crew management aspects. and the recovery and rehabilitation of the crew.
Various precursor missions have been planned to demonstrate the level of technology readiness before conducting actual human spaceflight missions. These demonstration missions include integrated airborne drop tests (IADT), pad abort tests (PAT), and test vehicle (TV) flights. The safety and reliability of all systems are proven on unmanned missions before manned missions.
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Human-rated LVM3 – HLVM3
LVM3 rocket: ISRO’s proven and reliable heavy-lift launch vehicle, which has been identified as the launch vehicle for the Gaganyaan mission. It consists of a solid phase, a liquid phase, and a cryogenic phase. All systems on the LVM3 rocket have been reconfigured to meet human rating requirements and have been named Human Rated LVM3. HLVM3 is capable of launching an orbital module into a desired 400 km low Earth orbit.
HLVM3 includes a crew evacuation system (CES) equipped with a series of fast-acting, high-burn rate solid-state motors that safely eject the crew module and crew members to the launch pad or during an emergency. Can be removed from. Ascent stage. To a safe distance.
Orbital Module
The Orbiting Module (OM) orbiting the Earth consists of a Crew Module (CM) and a Service Module (SM). OM is equipped with state-of-the-art avionics system with adequate redundancies for human safety.
The CM is a living space for the crew in outer space with an environment similar to Earth. It is a double walled structure consisting of a pressurized metal internal structure and a non-pressurized external structure with a thermal protection system (TPS). This includes crew interfaces, human-centered products, life support systems, avionics, and deceleration systems. It is also designed for re-entry to ensure crew safety during takeoff and landing.
The SM is used to provide necessary support to the CM in the classroom. It is a non-pressurized structure that includes thermal systems, propulsion systems, power systems, avionics systems, and deployment mechanisms.
New technologies being developed for Gaganyaan
Human safety is paramount in the mission of Gaganyaan. To ensure this, various new technologies involving engineering systems and human-centered systems are being developed and implemented.
Crew training for Gaganyaan The Astronaut Training Facility established in Bangalore provides classroom training, physical training, simulator training, and flight suit training. Training modules include academic courses, Gaganyaan flight system, microgravity introduction with parabolic flight, aeromedical training, recovery and survival training, mastering flight procedures, and training in the crew training simulator. Aeromedical training, regular flight training, and yoga are also included as part of the training.
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